A retailer's clickstream flows into an Amazon Kinesis data stream in provisioned mode with 20 shards. Traffic is flat most of the year but multiplies during flash sales, when producers receive ProvisionedThroughputExceededException errors. Outside those events the shards sit at roughly 10 percent utilization. Nobody on the team wants to own shard-count planning.
Which change addresses both the throttling and the idle capacity?